HMPV vs Covid-19: Key Differences Aur Dangers Ko Samajhiye

HMPV (Human Metapneumovirus) ek naya virus nahi hai. Yeh pehli baar 2001 mein Van den Hoogen aur unke colleagues ne Netherlands mein identify kiya tha. Yeh virus bacchon ke nasopharyngeal secretions (nose aur throat ke secretions) mein respiratory tract infection ke cases mein mila tha. Iska naam human metapneumovirus rakha gaya kyunki yeh ek metapneumovirus hai jo humans ko host banata hai.

Studies kehte hain ki yeh virus 1970s se human populations mein circulate kar raha hai, par scientists ne isse officially 2001 mein identify kiya.

HMPV Virus Ke Baare Mein

HMPV ek common respiratory virus hai jo mostly mild cold-like symptoms cause karta hai. Globally, yeh 4-16% acute respiratory infections ke liye responsible hai. Zyada tar cases November se May ke beech peak karte hain.

Zyada tar adults ko iske liye immunity hoti hai, lekin infants jo pehli baar exposed hote hain ya phir immuno-compromised log isse zyada severe symptoms face kar sakte hain.

Dr. Sangeeta V Budur Ka Analysis

Dr. Sangeeta V Budur, jo Consultant – Paediatrics aur Paediatric Intensive Care hain Aster RV Hospital mein, kehti hain:

“Yeh mild upper respiratory infections se leke severe pneumonia, bronchiolitis aur acute respiratory distress syndrome tak illnesses cause kar sakta hai. 5-25% pediatric lower respiratory tract infections HMPV se jude hote hain. Viral outbreaks mostly winter aur spring seasons (northern hemisphere) mein peak karte hain aur southern hemisphere mein June-July ke beech.”

Kaun Hai Vulnerable Population?

Dr. Budur kehte hain, “Koi bhi age group virus ke immune nahi hai. Reinfection life bhar hoti hai, lekin subsequent infections mild hote hain. Infants, 2 saal ke niche ke bacche, elderly, immuno-compromised log aur jinhe chronic medical conditions hain, unke liye severe disease ka risk zyada hota hai. Har baccha 5 saal tak ki age mein is virus se exposed ho jata hai.”

HMPV Kaise Spread Hota Hai?

HMPV respiratory droplets ke zariye spread hota hai, jaise coughing, sneezing ya infected secretions ke contact se.

Covid-19 Aur HMPV Mein Difference

Dr. Budur ke according:

• Dono viruses mild respiratory symptoms cause karte hain, par Covid-19 ka impact multiple body systems tak hota hai aur systemic complications ka risk zyada hai.
• HMPV zyada severe nahi hota aur Covid-19 ke comparison mein kam transmittable hai.

HMPV Ke Symptoms

• Mild flu-like symptoms jo 5-7 din tak rehte hain aur outpatient visits se theek ho jate hain.
• Bacchon mein high-grade fever, respiratory distress aur wheezing zyada common hain.

HMPV Se Hone Wali Illnesses

HMPV majorly upper respiratory tract infection cause karta hai, lekin severe cases mein bronchiolitis, pneumonia aur acute respiratory distress syndrome bhi ho sakti hai, jisme hospitalization aur oxygen therapy ki zarurat hoti hai.

Diagnosis Kaise Hoti Hai?

HMPV ka diagnosis sirf symptoms ke basis par mushkil hai kyunki yeh RSV aur influenza jaise respiratory infections se milta-julta hai. PCR testing jo nasopharyngeal secretions mein HMPV RNA detect kare, woh gold standard hai. India mein ICMR aur IDSP jaise surveillance systems respiratory viruses ke liye regularly test karte hain.

Treatment Options

Abhi tak HMPV ke liye koi specific antiviral drug available nahi hai.

• Treatment symptomatic aur supportive hai, jaise antipyretics aur antihistaminics ka use.
• Severe cases mein hospitalized bacchon ko oxygen therapy, nebulization aur rarely mechanical ventilation ki zarurat padti hai.

Prevention Tips

• Proper hand hygiene, jaise 30 seconds tak soap aur paani se haath dhona.
• Cough etiquette: Sneezing aur coughing ke time nose aur mouth cover karna.
• Mask ka use aur infected logon se door rehna.
• Frequently touched surfaces ko disinfect karna.

Aaj ke time mein, HMPV ko lekar awareness aur prevention sabse zaruri hai. Stay safe, stay healthy! 😊